History of The Kentucky Derby

The state of Kentucky has a history of horse racingsymbolize Churchill Downs and the Kentucky Derby.
dating to 1787. The first races were run in a park inThe reported cost of building the grandstands was
Lexington. Due to complaints from safety minded100,000. Nine Derby's were run before the track
citizens the first racecourse was established at abecame referred to as Churchill Downs in the local
place known as The Commons. In 1783 races wereLouisville newspaper.
run on Market St.The Kentucky Derby is limited to three year old
In 1805 racing moved to Shippingport Island, anthoroughbreds both fillies and colts. In 1896 the course
abandoned island in the Ohio River. This course waswas shortened from the original 1.5 miles to 1.25 miles,
known as Elm Tree Gardens. In 1809 a group of menthe reasoning being that the old course was too long
including the statesman Henry Clay formed a groupfor three year olds in the spring. In 1899 a real tragedy
known as the Downs. It was renamed the Jockeyoccurred, with the suicide by pistol of M Lewis Clark.
Club the same year. In 1827 races were run on MainThis was the year that the 25th Derby was run.
St in Louisville.During this period of time several other events were
In 1858 the course was moved to Woodlawn whichstaged at Churchill Downs including the staged collision
was closed in 1870. The trophy known as theof two locomotives in 1902 at the first Kentucky State
Woodlawn vase has been presented to the winner ofFair before a crowd of 40,000-50,000 spectators.
the Preakness Stakes since 1917.Auto races were also run in 1908, 1910, and1912 .In 1902
In 1872-1873 a young M. Lewis Clark visited EnglandA Louisville tailor and other investors took over the
and France and studied racing practices on thetrack and spend 20,000 on renovations including the
continent and came up with the idea for an Americanaddition of a clubhouse.
Jockey Club based on the European models. TheThis was successful because in 1903 Churchill Downs
French Jockey Club remains in existence today and isshowed a profit for the first time. Ownership of the
arguably one of the most exclusive clubs itstrack went through several changes in ownership and
membership being limited to the nobility and the verymanagement, including a 1960 attempt by the city of
wealthy.Louisville to purchase the track, but was turned down
Mr. Clark returned to America and established aby city alderman. This was finally settled in 1969 when
racetrack which would eventually become known asa group of Churchill board members successfully
Churchill Downs. The name comes from the surnamethwarted a hostile takeover by National Industries and
of the Churchill family who originally owned thethe price of their stock increased significantly. In 1997, In
property where the present track is located. In 18741997 Churchill Downs Inc. formed the Churchill Downs
Mr. Clark and a group of prominent Louisville met andInvestment Corp. to oversee the company's industrial
formed the Louisville Jockey Club and Driving Parkinvestments. The corporation also owns several
association with the articles if incorporation being filedracetracks in many states.
on June 20. 1874. Originally Clark designed 3 majorIn 1984 major renovations were made to the aging
races, the Kentucky Derby, the Kentucky Oaks andfacility headed by a former counsel and acting
the Clark Handicap. These were patterned after threepresident of Churchill Downs. These included 2.5 million
English races, the Epsom Derby, Epson Oaks, and thefor core renovations, 3.2 million for the Matt Winn Turf
St. Leger Stakes.Course, and 2.5 million for paddock construction, 5
The track formally opened on May 17. 1875 andmillion for clubhouse improvements, 3.7 million for Skye
featured four races including the first Kentucky Derbyterrace improvement, and 1.2 million for barn area
with a crowd of approximately 10.000 in attendance.improvements. In 1984 Meeker was named permanent
The first winner of the Kentucky Derby was Aristidespresident of Churchill Downs at age 40. Since then
who had been trained and ridden by twoChurchill Downs Inc has continued renovations and
African-Americans Ansel Williamson and Oliver Lewisaggressively pursued other racing interests including
respectively. Aristides was a three year old coltthe acquisition and building of other tracks.
owned by H.P.McGrath.In 1996 the Kentucky Derby entered cyberspace
Unfortunately despite the success of the first Derbylaunching a corporate site. The Kentucky Derby has
the track was not a success financially. This led to thekept up with technological advances over the years.
formation of the New Jockey Club in 1894 with WmWe may now watch the Derby on television, web
.Schulte as president and Clark retained as presidingcasts, pay per view, from anywhere on the globe but
judge of the track. In 1894-1895 a new grandstandthere is nothing equal to actually being there in person.
was constructed with twin spires which have come to