A Review Of Engineering Education In India

Engineering and Technical education in India have beenmain branches of engineering. Two other
developing faster than anywhere else in the worldcomparatively older branches are Mechanical and
since the early eighties, due to rapid industrialization andElectrical Engineering. As a result of scientific and
economic growth. Indian now has the second largesttechnology breakthroughs, today new fields of
number of engineering students in the world. English isengineering and technology are continually emerging. At
the only medium if instructions in all engineeringthe same time, boundaries between various branches
institutions. In a recent assessment by the Unitedare becoming less and less clear-cut.
Nations, the Indian economy was rated as the sixthLevels of Engineering Education.
largest in the world and is expected to move into theEngineering and technical education is available at five
fourth place by the end of this century Recentlevels. At the lowest level is the training in different
advances in scientific, industrial and technological areas,traded offered by a large number of Industrial Training
particularly in space, nuclear and missile technology,Institutes (it is) across the country. The duration and
computer engineering and information science haveeligibility requirements vary depends upon the nature of
earned India world recognition as an emerging globalthe trade. At the next higher level are the three year
power.diploma courses in different branches of engineering
The word "engineering" derived from the Latin wordand technology available in polytechnics. The eligibility
"ingeniare" means "to design" or "to create".requirements for admission to diploma course is a
Engineering can be defined as "the branch of sciencepass in class 10 examination. In some states
and technology concerned with the design, building, andpolytechnic offered post 10+2 diploma and post
use of engines, machines and structures" anddiploma course also. The first degree programmes
"technology" as the "application of scientific knowledgeleading to B E / B.tech degree are four year duration
for practical purpose, especially in industry". Engineeringexcept Architecture (B.Arch) which needs five years
education in India has a long tradition, the beginning ofto complete. The eligibility requirements for B.E (B.Tech)
which goes back to the year 1847. In that year wasand B.Arch course is a pass in 10+2 examination in the
established the Thomason College of Civil Engineeringscience stream with mathematics as one of the
at Roorkee, later to become the Roorkee Universitycombinations. The post graduate programmes leading
(1949), the first engineering university in the country.to award of M.E/M.Tech and M.Arch degree are of 18
The development of technical education has been onemonths duration (Three semesters). Candidates are
of the major achievements of the post-Independencerequired to take up a specialized topic in the branch of
period. The creation of the All-India Council of Technicaltheir study at the first degree level.
Education in 1945, and the Report of the ScientificIIT Mumbai, IIT New Delhi and IIT Chennai offer
Manpower Committee (1947) has a far reachingintegrated M.Tech courses of five year duration. IIT
influence in this development.Chennai, IIT New Delhi and IIT Mumbai also offer duel
The growth of educational facilities has beendegree programmes of 5 year duration in several
phenomenal during the last decade. The outturn ofbranches. A small number of universities offer B.Tech
graduates in engineering doubled within a span of 10course of three year duration mostly in branches of
years from about 30,000 in 1987 to 60,000 in 1996.technology open only to B.Sc degree holders. In many
During the same period, the outturn of polytechnicuniversities, polytechnic diploma holders are permitted
diploma holders increased from 56,560 to 95,283. Inlateral entry to the second year of regular B.E /
view of the large-scale proliferation of institutions, theB.Tech programmes through separate entrance tests
AICTE is keen to ensure that the quality ofe.g Lateral Entry Engineering Test (LEET). There is
programmes offered by them is not compromisedalso provision for Certificate holders to enter the
with. It has, therefore, setup the National Board ofDiploma programmes and the Diploma holders to
Accreditation (NBA) which has introduced a system ofDegree programmes. Admission to B.tech degree
accreditation of each program offered by thecourse, however, is made on the basis of an All India
recognized institutions.Entrance Test.
Civil engineering is considered to be the oldest of the